NEW JERSEY WEATHER

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-- New Jersey: Fast facts

1737 census of colony of New Jersey Image: NJ State Archives

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New Jersey has an area of  7,354 square miles and is he most densely populated state in the nation with nearly 9.6 million people. It has 15 Fortune 500 companies, the world's highest concentration of scientists and engineers per square mile, and some of the country's best public schools. It holds the nation's second-highest median household income and its highest property taxesr. NJ is the fastest-warming U.S. state over the past century, per NOAA studies. he state has more Superfund toxic waste sites at 115 than any other, with only 36 cleaned to date. 

​PEOPLE & POPULATION

• Population estimate, July 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau) 9,548,215
• Births (2023): 75,516 (down from 97,954 in 2020).
• Age-Adjusted Death Rate (2023): 634.0 per 100,000 population
  
• Marriage Rate (2025): 5.4 per 1,000 total populatio
• Population estimate, July 2024 — 9,500,851
• Population, 2020 Census — 9,288,994
• Population, 2010 Census — 8,791,894
• Population % change, 2010 to 2020 — 5.7%
• New residents added, July 2024–July 2025 — 41,861 (NJ leads the Northeast in year-over-year population growth rate)
• Persons per square mile, 2020 — 1,195.5 (highest of all 50 states)
• Persons 18 years and over, 2020 — 78.4%
• Persons under 5 years of age, 2020 — 5.8%
• Foreign-born individuals — approximately 23–24% of total population
• Undocumented immigrants, 2023 estimate — 428,000
• Net domestic migration, 2024 — out-of-state departures 51.9%; inbound 48.1% (net domestic outmigration offset by international immigration)
• White (non-Hispanic) alone, 2020 — 55% • Black or African American alone, 2020 — 13.1% • Hispanic or Latino (of any race), 2020 — 21.6% • Asian alone, 2020 — 10.2% • Every county in New Jersey is designated "urban" by the U.S. Census Bureau • Marriage rate — 5.1 per 1,000 population • Divorce rate — 2.3 per 1,000 population
• Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; American Community Survey; NJ Department of Labor

​INCOME & ECONOMY

• Median household income, 2024 — $104,294 (2nd highest in nation)
  
• Median household income, 2023 — $91,590
  
• Per capita income, 2023 — $82,103
• Persons below poverty level — approximately 10%
• New Jersey has the highest density of millionaires per capita of any U.S. state
• Fortune 500 company headquarters, 2025 — 15 - Johnson & Johnson (Summit) — #42 - Merck (Rahway) — #67 - Prudential Financial (Newark) — #81 - Bristol-Myers Squibb (Princeton) — #98 - Also: Becton Dickinson, Cognizant, ADP, Kenvue, and others
• Unemployment rate, annual average 2025 — 5.2% (above national avg of 4.3%)
• Unemployment rate, 2024 — 4.6%
• Top industry sectors: pharmaceuticals & biotech, financial services, IT, logistics & distribution, tourism, healthcare, agriculture • Pharmaceutical & biotech sector — more than 300 companies headquartered in NJ; employs over 70,000 workers
• NJ has the highest concentration per square mile of scientists and engineers in the world
• Jersey City ranks among top 5 U.S. tech cities, hosting nearly 400 tech firms
  
• Per capita gross domestic product, 2018 — $62,263
  
• Private nonfarm establishments, 2013 — 230,281
  
• Private nonfarm employment, 2013 — 3,492,21                Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Fortune Magazine; NJ Business & Industry Association; NJ Department of Labor

HOUSING & REAL ESTATE

• Median new home price, 2024–25 — approximately $460,000
• Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2009–2013 — $327,100
• NJ leads the nation with 39 suburbs now majority-renter, including Harrison and Union City where renters exceed 80% of households

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; NY Post housing analysis --

​TAXES & FISCAL POLICY

• Average residential property tax bill, 2025 — $10,570 (record high; #1 in nation)
• Average residential property tax bill, 2024 — $10,197
  
• Average residential property tax bill, 2023 — $9,800
  
• Total statewide property tax levy, 2024 — $34.5 billion
• Effective property tax rate — approximately 2.23% (highest in the U.S.)
• State income tax brackets — 1.4% to 10.75% (seven brackets for single filers)
• State sales tax rate — 6.625% statewide; reduced to 3.3125% in Urban Enterprise Zones
• Sales tax exemptions: most food items, prescription medications, certain clothing
• Zero-emission (EV) vehicle purchases — taxed at 3.3125% through June 30, 2025; reverts to 6.625% thereafter
• Overall tax burden, 2021 — 10.11% of income (6th highest of 50 states)
• Proposed FY2026 state budget — $60.7 billion (Governor Sherrill's record proposed budget, with increased education, transit, and housing spending)
• ANCHOR property tax relief program — delivered over $4 billion to nearly 2 million NJ residents over the past two years                                                                  Sources: NJ Department of Treasury; NJ League of Municipalities; Tax Foundation​                                                       
  

EDUCATION

• NJ consistently ranks among the top 3 states nationally for public K–12 education
• Average budgetary cost per pupil, 2024–25 — $21,199 (NJ Dept. of Education, 2025 Taxpayers' Guide to Education Spending)
• Total state aid to K–12 school districts — approximately $11+ billion for 2024–25 (up from $8.03 billion in 2016–17)
• Public school enrollment, 2021 — 1,302,139
• Charter school enrollment, 2021 — 57,453
• Number of public schools, 2022 — 2,508
• Number of charter schools, 2020–21 — 115
• Number of elementary schools, 2023 — 2,005
• Number of secondary schools, 2023 — 503
• Total operating school districts — 678 • High school graduation rate, 2021 — Female: 93%; Male: 88.3%
• Bachelor's degree or higher, persons age 25+, 2009–2013 — 35.8%
• Number of full-time classroom teachers, 2016–17 — 116,351
• Median salary of NJ public school teachers, 2024-25, $82,843
   Sources: NJ Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau
  

HEALTH

• Total Professionally Active Physicians: Approximately 28,000–30,000 (consistent with the most recent workforce reports from the New Jersey Department of Health).
• Fertility Rate (2025): 57.4 births per 1,000 women (ages 15–44)
• Teen Birth Rate (2025): 7.5 births per 1,000 females (ages 15–19).
• Infant Mortality Rate (2023): 3.69 per 1,000 live births
• Life Expectancy at Birth (2021): 79.0 years
• Age-Adjusted Death Rate (2023): 634.0 per 100,000 population
• Leading Cause of Death: Heart Disease.
• Drug Overdose Death Rate (2023): 28.3 per 100,000.
• Update: This rate dropped sharply to 13.8 per 100,000 by the end of 2025.
• Firearm Injury Death Rate (2021): 5.0 per 100,000 [User-provided, confirmed as latest CDC trend].

Sources: US Census Bureau, National Institute of Health, Kaiser Family Foundation


GEOGRAPHY

• Land area -  7,354.22 square miles
• Highest elevation-  1,803 feet at High Point in Sussex County
• Longitude: 73° 53' 39"W to 75° 35'W
• Latitude: 38° 55'N to 41° 21' 23"N
• Length and Width-  150 miles long and 70 miles wide
• Largest county in area- Burlington (805 square miles)
• Smallest county in area- ​Hudson (46.19 square miles)
• Distance from Newark to Rome, Italy- ​4,303.7 miles
• Distance from Jersey City to North Pole- 3,408 miles
• Driving distance from Newark to Los Angeles- ​​2,779.12 miles
• Geographic center of state- Jackson in Ocean County (5 miles southeast of Trenton)​ 

 TRANSPORTATION

• Total daily vehicle miles traveled, 2023 — 78,229,836
• Public road mileage, 2023 — 38,784
• Traffic fatalities, 2025 (preliminary) — approximately 575–578 (down ~15% from 2024)
• Traffic fatalities, 2024 — 686 (up ~13% from 2023; historically high year)
• Traffic fatalities, 2023 — 606 (including 177 pedestrian deaths)
• Pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities, 2024 — 252
• Deadliest highways, 2018 — Garden State Parkway: 25 fatalities; NJ Turnpike: 21; I-80: 16; Route 1: 15
• NJ Transit buses on road at peak weekday operation — 1,867 (Saturdays: 683; Sundays: 541)
• Licensed drivers, 2021 — 6,461,960
• Motor vehicle registrations, 2021 — 2.53 million
• Newark Liberty Airport passenger enplanements, 2023 — 49.1 million

Sources: NJ Dept. of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration; NJ Division of Highway Traffic Safety
.

ENVIRONMENT & CLIMATE

• One of  fastest-warming states in  nation over tpast century (NOAA)
• More EPA Superfund toxic waste sites than any other state;with  115 active sites on the National Priorities List as of March 2026.approximately 36 have been fully remediated to date
• Sea levels along NJ coast rising more than twice as fast as the global average, with projections suggesting a rise of up to 2.1 feet by 2050
• Precipitation over 2015–2024 6.6% higher than long-term average, leading to increased "sunny day" and flash flooding
• Pine Barrens (Pinelands) cover approximately 1.1 million acres ,largest open-space preserve in tMid-Atlantic region
• NJ's diverse landscapes support over 1 million migratory birds during peak seasons.

Sources: NOAA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; NJ DEP

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